学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________
一、阅读理解
Cycling is considered one of the most efficient ways to travel due to its small carbon footprint. Many people are happy to ride a bike in their everyday life. However, better infrastructure (基本设施) and a cultural shift are needed to ensure that more people will ride a bike. Bike kitchens are part of a worldwide movement that can help with such a challenge.
In bike kitchens, tools, used parts, and repair assistance are provided to their members. They donate bikes and have become spaces for social exchange. They also make efforts to improve basic infrastructure, which plays a key role in ensuring the safety and comfort of cyclists in areas such as the development of bike lanes and bike parking. But that alone is not enough. Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.
Cycling has various benefits, like promoting physical and mental health. More importantly, the infrastructure needed for bikes doesn’t require a huge budget. Besides, bicycles are the most practical and sustainable means of travel for short and medium distance, and also for recreation and sport. Therefore, a cycling culture appears urgent and significant. For individuals in many developed countries, transport can be the largest part of their carbon footprint. Transport accounts for about one-fifth of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. For short or medium distances, bikes are one of the lowest-carbon ways to travel. Even more shockingly, using a bike instead of a car for short trips would reduce a person’s travel emissions by 75 percent.
Bike kitchens in particular, extend the lifespan of bikes and their parts. They help build a community economy that prevents waste generation, since most parts are secondhand, fixed, or reused. Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.
1．Which of the following can be done in bike kitchens?
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A．Exchanging bikes. C．Purchasing the new parts.
B．Teaching others to ride bikes. D．Developing riding skills.
2．What does the author want to stress in the text? A．Cycling is a sustainable way to travel. B．Transport is still a challenging problem. C．Everyone should have an eco-friendly travel. D．Bikes are also suitable for a long distance travel.
3．What is the author’s attitude towards bike kitchens according to the text? A．Critical.
B．Doubtful.
C．Positive.
D．Grateful.
4．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Bike kitchens reduce people’s travel influences. B．Bike kitchens are helping boost cycling culture. C．Bike kitchens are gaining popularity in the world. D．Bike kitchens make cycling accessible to everyone.
Many years ago, when I was in high school and working weekends to pay for the extras — like a class trip, that my family couldn’t really afford, I lost my wallet.
One day, my old car required putting gas in the back. I paid and drove off, my wallet slipping out of my pocket. I hadn’t even had time to miss it when a man phoned and asked me if I had lost my wallet. I checked it and to my horror, I had. He asked me to tell him how much money was in it. He then told me where to pick up my wallet.
As I pulled into his driveway, I noticed his disabled van and the ramp (坡道) going up to the house. I was thinking that there is no way this man easily got my wallet. He had to pull over his van, get in his wheelchair, lower the lift, and then pick it up. I was just astonished.
I knocked on the door and he let me in. I thanked him like 10 times. I was stuck, though. While I didn’t want to insult (冒犯) him by offering money, I really felt like offering something. So I asked him if there was anything I could do to repay his kindness, and he said “Just pass my kindness on”. I said I would be certain to do that, as I was raised to be honest on any account. I wanted
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to repay his kindness, so I wholeheartedly promised.
Well, one does not find many wallets and so it was about 10 years later that I found one. It took me several days to track down the man to whom the wallet belonged. He lived in another state. I hated going through his wallet, but I finally located him through a business card he had in it. He was actually surprised his money was still in the wallet and he tried to hand me a $20. I told him “Thanks, but just pass my kindness on”.
5．How did the finder make sure the wallet belonged to the author? A．He phoned the gas station. C．He went through the wallet.
B．He checked the amount of money. D．He asked where the wallet was lost.
6．How did the author feel when he realized the finder’s being disabled? A．Satisfied.
B．Shocked.
C．Delighted.
D．Horrified.
7．What did the author do to thank the disabled man in paragraph 4? A．He accepted the man’s proposal. C．He passed the man’s kindness on.
B．He handed the man some money. D．He put the money into an account.
8．What lesson can we learn from the text? A．Kindness can be passed on. C．Kindness lives in our heart.
Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth’s vital resource. By using advanced microwave radar technology it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It’s really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet’s surface.
The major mission is to explore how oceans adjust climate change by absorbing atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural process. Oceans are estimated to have absorbed more than 90% of the extra heat trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by human-caused greenhouse gases. Swot will scan the seas and precisely measure fine differences in surface elevations(高度)around smaller currents and eddies(漩涡), where much of the oceans’ decrease of heat and carbon is believed to occur. “Studying the mechanism will help climate scientists answer a key question: What is the turning point at which oceans start releasing, rather than
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B．Finders keepers, losers weepers. D．One good turn deserves another.
absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere and speed up global warming, rather than limiting it,” said Nadya Shiffer, Swot’s program scientist.
By comparison, earlier studies of water bodies relied on data of rivers or oceans taken at specific points, or from satellites that can only track measurements along a one-dimensional line, requiring scientists to fill in data gaps through extrapolation(外推法). Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.
“Rather than giving us a line of elevations, it’s giving us a map of elevations, and that’s just a total gamechanger,” said Tamlin Pavelsky, Swot freshwater science leader.
9．What does the underlined expression “vital resource” in the first paragraph refer to? A．Technology.
B．Climate.
C．Oceans.
D．Water.
10．What is the major mission of Swot satellite? A．To identify when global warming is worsened. B．To explore where oceans absorb heat and CO2. C．To study how oceans influence climate change. D．To explain why greenhouse gas comes into being. 11．What makes it possible for Swot to measure precisely? A．The high-definition computer. C．The three-dimensional image.
B．Advanced radar technology. D．An accurate map of elevations.
12．Which can be the best title for the text? A．A Solution to Climate Change.
B．A Breakthrough in Space Travel.
C．Successful Launch of Swot Satellite. D．First Global Water Survey from Space.
Have you ever considered the way you spend your money? What do you buy? When do you buy? It is important to use your money wisely. Then, you will have enough
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for the things you want. You can make smart decisions about your money. All it takes is some careful, smart thinking.
One way to be smart with your money is to shop around before you buy. Visit more than one store, check the prices at each store, and try not to be in a hurry to buy. You don’t have to buy at the first store you visit; another store might have what you want at a lower price. You can even check online and compare prices.
Another way to be smart with your money is to wait for a sale. Many stores offer special discounts. For example, suppose you want to buy a camera. Wait until a store has a sale. You can save 20 percent, 30 percent, or more on the price of the camera by waiting for a sale. Some stores also offer a discount if you buy more than one of an item. So, look for sales offering a lower price per item if you buy two of that item. You could save money.
You can also use your money wisely by buying larger sizes of things. For example, large bags of dog food usually cost less per pound than small bags cost. A large pack of pens usually costs less per pen than a small pack of pens. So, even though you may spend more on a large size, you are really saving money per item.
You can learn to be smart with your money. It takes some practice, and it takes patience. You cannot always have what you want right away. But if you are patient, you will save money. Then, you will have more money to spend on what you want.
13．Which is one way to save money? A．By waiting for sales. C．By shopping in a hurry. 14．What is the writer’s opinion? A．Being careful with money is wise.
B．It is not important to save money. B．By shopping at only one store. D．By buying small packages of things.
C．Comparing prices takes careful thinking. D．It isn’t a good idea to shop online.
15．Which word best describes the people who are smart with their money? A．Mean.
B．Patient.
C．Wealthy.
D．Lazy.
16．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To share a personal story.
B．To explain how to do something.
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C．To introduce the things on sale.
二、七选五
D．To show how to get somewhere.
In 2004, a tsunami (海啸) around the Indian Ocean killed at least 25000 people across a dozen countries. The huge death was in part caused by the fact that many communities received no warming. 17
Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee. Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas. 18 .These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.
The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake. 19 Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.
China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes. “ 20 ”Jiang Weisong, the director of the organization said. “When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”
21 . And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.
A．Even dogs refused to go outdoors
B．Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes C．Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm D．Some animals will make noise to tell the human beings of the accident E．And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior
F．Finally we should make full use of the animal early warning systems in scientific research
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G．Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters 三、完形填空
A 23-year-old woman just set a record for the fastest solo row across the Atlantic. Departing from the Canary Islands, Payne rowed 59 days, before arriving in Antigua. The 22 achievement was made for a charity. More than $14,200 was raised to help people 23 .
The challenge was described as one of the hardest ones on Earth. No 24 was allowed—all necessities must be brought along. But she was 25 enough to keep going without extra help.
The last 8 miles was really 26 for Payne. It was that point where she knew she couldn’t give up and that she had to 27 it. Although 8 miles was 28 in the great plan of 3,000 miles, it felt like some of the longest for her. However, hunger, lack of sleep and the test of body and mind were 29 by sighting fantastic sea life and 30 the beauty of the sunrise and sunset. So the 31 was worthwhile.
Payne rowed 15 hours per day alone in the Atlantic Ocean with strong winds. “In the last week, I thought I wasn’t going to break a 32 at all because the wind dropped and I was going nowhere,” she said. “There was one day when I rowed 33 for 18 hours, but I only rowed less than 10 miles. That was pretty 34 . I could just feel the race record slipping away.”
But finally Payne 35 it with a strong will. She received the cheers of the crowd when approaching Antigua. She could hear the 36 from her family and friends waiting for her. 22．A．remarkable B．artistic 23．A．for fun 24．A．error 25．A．strong 26．A．free 27．A．measure 28．A．something
B．for sale B．destination B．tense B．tough B．finish B．anything
C．common C．in charge C．support C．ordinary C．smooth C．celebrate C．everything C．balanced
D．industrial D．in need D．profit D．generous D．brief D．extend D．nothing D．worsened
29．A．interrupted B．matched
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30．A．describing B．affecting 31．A．struggle 32．A．container 33．A．globally
B．failure B．commitment B．carelessly
C．imagining C．foundation C．reform C．determinedly B．rewarding
D．appreciating D．tracking D．record D．instantly C．harmless
34．A．disappointing
35．A．lost 36．A．regret
D．formal B．deserted B．screams
C．made C．permission
D．refused D．complaints
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you like eating insects? In the past decade, insects 37 (become) a familiar sight on dinner tables. One reason is that people are concerned about the environment. Traditional livestock farming is harmful 38 the environment as it is generally unsustainable. Raising insects is much more environmentally friendly. One kilogram of insect protein needs about 10 percent of the feed, water and land used to produce the same amount of beef. 39 (expert) say farming insects is better for the environment than raising livestock. 40 reason why we may have to eat insects is that the world's population is increasing 41 (rapid). By 2050 this is expected 42 (be) 9. 8 billion, up from the current 7. 7 billion.
The insect farming industry is growing quickly. There are hundreds of companies worldwide creating meals 43 (make) from insects. There are stores in Tokyo, Japan, 44 you can purchase a can of insect snacks. The menu includes dried tarantulas and scorpions. However, not everyone is 45 (excite) by the idea of insects as food. 46 Israeli insect farmer, Dror Tamir, said, “May be I will find insects tasty someday, but not right now.” 五、其他应用文
47．假定你是李华，最近，你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友 Alex 写一封邮件，向他求助。内容包括： 1、 你的困难； 2、 寻求帮助 注意：
1、词数 80 左右；
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2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Alex,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
六、读后续写
48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One winter, my father persuaded my mother to agree with his plan to take us to go ice fishing, thinking this would bring back a great experience, even though we might not catch any fish. My mother was against his idea at first because she was frightened of the thought that someone might fall into the water in such freezing weather. But she had to give in finally.
After making all the preparations, my parents, my brother and I took our fishing house and set off. To get to the destination, we had to cross the Mississippi River and go up a large hill. But we still excitedly headed for our destination, knowing there would be much excitement waiting for us.
Our favorite fishing spot was across the lake. Our fishing house was large enough to allow the four of us to fish at the same time. We managed to find a suitable place for ice fishing, where my dad could drill holes through the ice. We sat shoulder to shoulder in comfort. You might think ice fishing would be cold, but we had a small stove inside. Even when the temperature stayed below zero we could fish without coats on. The day passed with a mix of quiet time and family chatter. We talked about fish, music and news some times. And of course, we shared fishing advice such as waiting patiently and staying calm while fishing. Dad was the one that caught the most fish among us, so he taught us when to pull the line, methods of attaching the fish food, the den the hook and more.
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My brother and I also took breaks and explored the snow and ice near the fishing house. We found many interesting shapes in the ice. Wherever the snow wasn’t too deep, I'd try skiing. I exactly knew it would scare the fish under the ice away, so I tried my best not to make any loud sound. However, while I was skiing on the ice, I heard a sound of crack（破裂） coming. 注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1
Hearing this, I screamed and tried to stop but just couldn’t because I was skiing so fast.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2
Having returned to our fishing house, my parents were still feeling scared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球正在兴起的自行车厨房热，自行车厨房的建立有助于骑行文化的推广，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.”(建立一个被大多数人接受的自行车文化，意味着有大量的人开发骑自行车的技能。)可知，骑行文化的建立可以让许多人提升自己的车技。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句和倒数第一句的“For short or medium distances, bikes are one of the lowest-carbon ways to travel. Even more shockingly, using a bike instead of a car for short trips would reduce a person’s travel emissions by 75 percent.”( 对于短距离或中距离，自行车是最低碳的旅行方式之一。更令人震惊的是，在短途旅行中使用自行车而不是汽车可以减少75% 的排放量。)和最后一段最后一句的“Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.”(无论是通过提供工具、零部件、车间、修理会议，还是免费自行车，自行车厨房都鼓励以更可持续的方式旅行，使城市更友好，同时加强社区价值观。)可判断，作者在文章中重点强调骑自行车是一种非常低碳、可持续的出行方式。故选 A 项。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.”(无论是通过提供工具、零部件、车间、修理会议，还是免费自行车，自行车厨房都鼓励以更可持续的方式旅行，使城市更友好，同时加强社区价值观。)可知，作者非常赞同和支持自行车厨房。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是自行车厨房的益处很多，但最关键的一点是可以推广骑行文化，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。B项“自行车厨房正在帮助推广自行车文化。”最能概括文章大意。故选B项。 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．A
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【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，多年前作者钱包丢失，好心人捡到归还作者，作者答应善意传递下去，十年后作者捡到别人钱包，把善意传递下去了。
5．细节理解题。由第二段中的“I hadn’t even had time to miss it when a man phoned and asked me if I had lost my wallet. I checked it and to my horror, I had. He asked me to tell him how much money was in it. He then told me where to pick up my wallet. (我还没来得及发觉钱包丢失，就有一个男人打电话问我钱包丢了吗。我检查了一下，令我恐惧的是，我钱包丢了。他让我告诉他里面有多少钱。然后他告诉我在哪里取钱包)”可知，通过向作者核对了钱包里钱的数额，捡钱包的人确定钱包属于作者，才会让作者取回钱包。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。由第三段中的“He had to pull over his van, get in his wheelchair, lower the lift, and then pick it up. I was just astonished. (他不得不把车停在路边，坐上轮椅，放下升降板，然后把它捡起来。我只是感到惊讶)”可知，当作者意识到捡钱包的人是残疾人时，作者感到惊讶。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。由第四段中的“So I asked him if there was anything I could do to repay his kindness, and he said “Just pass my kindness on”. I said I would be certain to do that, as I was raised to be honest on any account. I wanted to repay his kindness, so I wholeheartedly promised. (所以我问他我能不能做些什么来回报他的好意，他说“把我的好意传下去”。我说过我一定会这么做，因为我从小就被培养成诚实的人。我想报答他的好意，所以我全心全意地答应了)”可知，通过接受了捡钱包的人的提议“把好意传下去”，作者来感谢这个残疾的捡钱包的人。故选A项。
8．推理判断题。由第四段中的“So I asked him if there was anything I could do to repay his kindness, and he said “Just pass my kindness on”. I said I would be certain to do that, as I was raised to be honest on any account. I wanted to repay his kindness, so I wholeheartedly promised. (所以我问他我能不能做些什么来回报他的好意，他说“把我的好意传下去”。我说过我一定会这么做，因为我从小就被培养成诚实的人。我想报答他的好意，所以我全心全意地答应了)”和最后一段中的“I told him “Thanks, but just pass my kindness on”. (我对他说：“谢谢，但把我的善意传递下去”)”及全文其它内容可知，文章讲述了，多年前作者钱包丢失，好心人捡到归还作者，作者答应善意传递下去，十年后作者捡到别人钱包，把善意传递下去了，可得出善良是可以传递的。故选A项。
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9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。
9．词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“By using advanced microwave radar technology it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in
high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It’s really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet’s surface.(通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90% 以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”和画线短语所在句子“Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth’s vital resource.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的vital resource进行全面调查。)”可知，Swot卫星通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据，然后对这些水资源进行调查，由此可推知，画线短语“vital resource”指的是下文提到的“water(水)”，故选D。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The major mission is to explore how oceans adjust climate change by absorbing atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural process.(其主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化。)”可知，Swot卫星的主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化，即研究海洋如何影响气候变化。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.(多亏了雷达仪器，Swot可以在地球的大范围内扫描云层和黑暗。这使得科学家能够精确地绘制二维地图，无论天气如何，无论何时，覆盖大面积地理区域的速度比以前快得多。)”可知，先进的雷达技术使得Swot能够精确测量，故选B。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth’s vital resource. By
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using advanced microwave radar technology it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition detail over 90% of the globe. It’s really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet’s surface.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的重要资源进行全面调查。通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90% 以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”可知，文章主要介绍了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。由此可推知D项“第一次对全球的水进行调查。”适合做文章标题，故选D。 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了明智使用金钱的重要性，同时介绍了几种在购物时能省钱的方法。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Another way to be smart with your money is to wait for a sale. Many stores offer special discounts. For example, suppose you want to buy a camera. Wait until a store has a sale. You can save 20 percent, 30 percent, or more on the price of the camera by waiting for a sale. (另一种聪明的理财方法是等待打折。许多商店提供特别折扣。例如，假设你想买一台相机。等到商店大减价的时候。通过等待打折你可以节省20% ，30% ，或更多的价格)”可知一种省钱的方式是等待商店打折时再去购买商品。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It is important to use your money wisely. Then, you will have enough for the things you want. You can make smart decisions about your money. All it takes is some careful, smart thinking.(明智地使用你的钱是很重要的。然后，你将拥有足够的钱来购买你想要的东西。你可以对你的钱做出明智的决定。所需要的只是一些谨慎、聪明的想法。)”可知作者认为明智地使用金钱是很重要的，也提出了一些谨慎、聪明用钱的想法，故作者认为谨慎对待金钱是很重要很明智的。故选A项。 15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“You can learn to be smart with your money. It takes some practice, and it takes patience. You cannot always have what you want right away. But if you are patient, you will save money.(你可以学会聪明地使用你的钱。需要一些练习，而且需要耐心。你不可能总是马上得到你想要的。但是如果你有耐心，你就
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会省钱。)”可知要想学会聪明地使用自己的钱，必须要有耐心，因为这个不是一蹴而就的；故推知那些能聪明使用自己钱的人都是比较有耐心的。故选B项。
16．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It is important to use your money wisely. Then, you will have enough for the things you want. You can make smart decisions about your money. All it takes is some careful, smart thinking.(明智地使用你的钱是很重要的。然后，你将拥有足够的钱来购买你想要的东西。你可以对你的钱做出明智的决定。所需要的只是一些谨慎、聪明的想法。)”和下文可知全文讲述的是如何在买东西的时候能省钱，并给出了几种购物时省钱的方法；故作者的写作意图就是在向我们阐明如何在购物时省钱，即解释如何做某事。故选B项。
17．C 18．A 19．E 20．B 21．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在发生自然灾害时，动物会出现一些异常行为进行预警，我们应该关注动物发出的灾害警告。
17．设空处位于段末，上文主要讲了印度洋发生的海啸造成了重大损失，下文第二段首句“Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee.”出现转折，提到了灾难爆发前，一些动物感觉到了危险，由此可知上文段末句应与本句对应，与“动物预警”对应的应该是“人的预警”。C项“Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm.(当地的人工预警系统未能发出清晰的警报。)”一方面与上文提到的灾难对应，另一方面“manmade early warning system”与下文的“animals seemed to sense the coming danger”对应。故选C项。
18．上文“Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas.”提到了大象和鸡在灾难发生前的反应；下文“These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.”提到了这些动物在灾难发生前的行为引起了研究人员的关注，属于总结性的话语，由此可推知，中间还提到一类动物的反应。A项“Even dogs refused to go outdoors.(就连狗也不愿出门。)”恰好与上文存在递进关系。故选A项。
19．上文“The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake.”提到了研究人员发现地震前一些家畜
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会出现异常行为。下文“Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.”提到了地震发生前两周，当地大气电荷每两到四分钟就会发生强烈扰动，这是在分析动物行为异常的原因，故前后之间需要一个过渡句。E项“And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior.(科学家们还发现了可能导致当地动物行为变化的原因。)”中的“And scientists also found”与上文“scientists found”对应，“what might lead to the changes”与下文的内容对应。故选E项。
20．上文“China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes.”提到了中国建立了地震预警系统，监测动物，尤其是蛇的行为；下文“When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”提到了蛇在地震发生前的特殊行为；由此可知，设空处还是在谈与蛇有关的事。B项“Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes.(蛇可能是对地震最敏感的生物。)”与上下文对应。故选B项。
21．设空处位于段首，故需具有统领下文的作用。下文“And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.”提到了即使动物预警有帮助，但仅仅依靠动物运动来预警也不够，人类也需要依靠预警信号充分掌握具体情况。由此可推知，前面应该是提到有些人怀疑动物预警的可靠性。G项“Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters.(并非所有专家都认为动物早期预警系统是预测灾害的可靠选择)”恰好与下文具体内容对应。故选G项。
22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．C 36．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一名23岁的女子刚刚创造了单人划船横渡大西洋的最快纪录的故事。
22．1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项了不起的成就是为慈善事业而取得的。A.
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remarkable卓越的；B. artistic艺术的；C. common 常见的；D. industrial工业的。根据上文中的“A 23-year-old woman just set a record for the fastest solo row across the Atlantic. ”可知，单人滑船横渡大西洋并创造了最快记录，这应该是“了不起的”成就。故选A项。
23．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：筹集了超过14200美元来帮助有需要帮助的人。A. for fun为了快乐；B. for sale为销售；C. in charge负责；D. in need在危难中，需要帮助的。根据上文中的“More than $14,200 was raised”可知，筹款是帮助“有需要帮助”的人。故选D项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：任何支援都是不允许的——所有必需品都必须随身携带。A. error错误；B. destination目的地；C. support支持；D. profit利润。根据下文中的“all necessities must be brought along.”可知，此处指的是所有物资随人携带，所以，没有任何“支持”。故选C项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她很坚强，没有额外的帮助也能坚持下去。A. strong强大的；B. tense紧张的；C. ordinary普通的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文中的“to keep going without extra help”可知，没有额外帮助继续前进，说明她足够“强大”。故选A项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后八英里对佩恩来说真的很艰难。A. free自由的；B. tough艰难的；C. smooth平滑的；D. brief简短的。根据下文中的“ it felt like some of the longest for her.”可知，感觉这是最漫长的，由此可知，最后8公里应该是“艰难的”。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，她知道她不能放弃，她必须完成它。A. measure测量；B. finish完成；C. celebrate庆祝；D. extend延伸。根据上文中的“she knew she couldn’t give up”可知，她不能放弃，所以必须“完成”最后这段航程。故选B项。 28．考查代词词义辨析。句意：虽然8英里在3000英里的宏伟计划中微不足道，但对她来说却是最长的。A. something某事；B. anything任意事；C. everything所有事；D. nothing没有什么。根据下文中的“in the great plan of 3,000 miles”可知，8公里较3000公里来说应该是算不上什么。故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过观赏奇妙的海洋生物和欣赏日出日落的美景，饥饿、睡眠不足和身心的考验得到了平衡。A. interrupted打断；B. matched匹配；C. balanced平衡；D. worsened恶化。根据下文中的“sighting fantastic sea life and ____9____ the
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beauty of the sunrise and sunset.”可知，此处指通过看海洋奇妙的生物和欣赏日出日落来“平衡”饥饿，缺乏睡眠以及身心疲惫。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过观赏奇妙的海洋生物和欣赏日出日落的美景，饥饿、睡眠不足和身心的考验得到了平衡。A. describing描述；B. affecting影响；C. imagining想象；D. appreciating欣赏。根据上文中的“sighting fantastic sea life”以及并列连词and可知，此处指的是“欣赏”符合语境。故选D项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以拼搏是值得的。A. struggle拼搏；B. failure失败；C. foundation成立；D. tracking踪迹。根据语境以及上文中的“sighting fantastic sea life and ____9____ the beauty of the sunrise and sunset.”，可知，最后8公里的艰难航程是，但能够欣赏海景和日出日落，所以此处表示“拼搏”是值得的。故选A项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说:“上周，我以为我根本不可能打破纪录了，因为风停了，我哪儿也去不了。”A. container容器；B. commitment承诺；C. reform改革；D. record记录。根据下文中的“I could just feel the race record slipping away.”可知，此处指的是“记录”符合语境。故选D项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我坚定地划了18个小时，但只划了不到10英里。A. globally全球地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. determinedly坚定地；D. instantly立刻。根据语境及下文中的“for 18 hours”可知，一天划行18小时，应该是“意志坚定地”符合语境。故选C项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很令人失望。我能感觉到比赛记录正在溜走。A. disappointing失望的；B. rewarding值得的；C. harmless无害的；D. formal正式的。根据上文中的“for 18 hours, but I only rowed less than 10 miles.”可知，18小时划行不到10英里，这是令她非常地“失望”。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最终佩恩凭借坚强的意志成功了。A. lost丢失；B. deserted遗弃；C. made制造，使让；D. refused拒绝。根据上文中的“A 23-year-old woman just set a record for the fastest solo row across the Atlantic.”可知，此处指的是她成功做到了，make it.意为“成功做到”符合语境。故选C项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她能听到等待她的家人和朋友的尖叫声。A. regret后悔；B. screams尖叫；C. permission允许；D. complaints抱怨。根据上文中的“She received the cheers of the crowd when approaching Antigua.”可知，当她接近Antigua的时候收到很多人的欢呼加油的声音，由此可推断，此处指来自于正在等待她的家人的“尖叫声”
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符合语境。故选B项。
37．have become 38．to 39．Experts 40．Another 41．rapidly 42．to be 43．made 44．where 45．excited 46．An
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了昆虫成为桌上常见的一道菜的原因。
37．考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年，昆虫已经成为了餐桌上常见的一道菜。此处insects为主语，为复数，时间状语为in the past decades，应用现在完成时，故填have become。 38．考查介词。句意：传统的畜牧业对环境有害，因为它被认为是破坏生态平衡的。此处意为“对……有害”，表达为be harmful to，故填to。
39．考查名词的数。句意：专家认为，比起养牲畜，养昆虫对环境来说更好。此处主语expert“专家”为可数名词，且根据谓语动词say可知，主语应为复数，故填Experts。 40．考查形容词。句意：另一个我们不得不吃昆虫的理由在于世界人口的数量正在急剧增加。此处意为“另一个理由”，故应用another，故填Another。
41．考查副词。句意：我们可能不得不吃昆虫的理由在于世界人口的数量正在急剧增加。此处increase为动词，应用副词修饰动词，故填rapidly。
42．考查动词不定式。句意：到2050年为止，人口的数量可能会达到98亿。此处意为“期望……”，表达为expect sb/sth. to do sth.，故填to be。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：全世界有几百家公司提供由昆虫做的餐食。此处为meals的定语，且meals与make之间为被动，故应用过去分词做定语，故填made。
44．考查定语从句。句意：日本东京有很多你可以买到一罐昆虫零食的商店。此处为定语从句，先行词为stores，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导，故填where。 45．考查形容词。句意：然而，并非每个人都对昆虫食物感兴趣。此处主语为everyone“每个人”，此空作表语，故应用-ed结尾形容词，故填excited。
46．考查冠词。句意：一个以色列的昆虫农民说道：“也许在未来的某一天我会喜欢吃昆虫，但绝对不是现在”。此处farmer“农民”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个农民”，且Israeli音素以元音开头，故应用冠词an，故填An。 47．Dear Alex,
With the College Entrance Examination approaching, my anxiety about the English learning is increasing. So I am writing to seek some guidance on how to improve it.
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English writing is really a big challenge for me. First of all, my vocabulary is not large, which makes it impossible for me to choose right and authentic words and phrases. Besides, English grammar becomes a bottleneck of my English writing, the sentences I construct being much more like Chinese sentences than English ones.
Should you be kind enough to give me any help, I would be grateful to you.
Yours, Li Hua
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Alex 写一封邮件，告诉他你在英语学习上遇到一些困难，向他寻求帮助。
【详解】1.词汇积累焦虑：anxiety→ worry 上升：increasing→ growing 帮助：help→ assist
感激：grateful→ appreciative 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句
原句：With the College Entrance Examination approaching, my anxiety about the English learning is increasing.
拓展句：My anxiety about the English learning is increasing because the College Entrance Examination is approaching.
【点睛】[高分句型1] So I am writing to seek some guidance on how to improve it.(特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语。)
[高分句型2]First of all, my vocabulary is not large, which makes it impossible for me to choose right and authentic words and phrases. (运用which引导非限定性定语从句。)
48．Paragraph 1
Hearing this, I screamed and tried to stop but just couldn't because I was skiing so fast. My brother was so frightened that he even forgot to call my parents for help. He sat on the ice and saw me approaching the center of the lake. Just at that
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time, my father noticed what was happening. He shouted and asked me to turn around. Meanwhile, he ran as quickly as possible in my direction. Luckily, I stopped about ten meters away from the spot where the ice was very thin. Paragraph 2
Having returned to our fishing house, my parents were still feeling scared. My mother said she regretted not having persuaded my father to quit his idea. However, my father regarded this as an unforgettable experience for all of us. He promised to take us there the next winter holiday as long as we could ensure our safety. Though I still hadn't recovered from the fear, I felt it an exciting and unforgettable experience!
【分析】本文讲述了作者一家在爸爸的建议下去冰钓。他们带上了捕鱼屋，穿过河流，越过高山，怀揣着对即将到来的冰钓的兴奋，到达了目的地。他们找到了一处适合钓鱼的地方，伴着一个小火炉，肩并肩坐着，一边耐心地等着鱼上钩，一边聊着天，分享着钓鱼的心得。钓鱼间歇，作者和弟弟玩冰，玩雪。当作者小心翼翼在冰上滑雪时，却听到了破裂声传来。 【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到这个声音，我尖叫起来，我想停下来，但是我滑的太快了，根本停不下来。”可知，第一段可描写作者遇到这种紧急情况后，家里人的反应以及我最后的结果。
②由第二段首句内容“回到我们的钓鱼屋后，我的父母仍然感到害怕。”可知，第二段可描写作者安全回去后，一家人对我这次经历的不同感受和想法。
2.续写线索：弟弟惊慌失措——爸爸大喊大叫——“我”安全回去——妈妈后悔——爸爸承诺——“我”难忘 3.词汇激活 行为类
①. 求救：call sb. for help/cry for help/seek help ②. 喊叫：cry/shout/exclaim/scream/call ③. 承诺：promise/make a promise/pledge 情绪类
①. 害怕：frighten/scare/be afraid/fear/terrify ②. 后悔：regret/feel regretful/express regret
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【点睛】[高分句型1]. Just at that time, my father noticed what was happening.（由连接代词what引导的宾语从句作notice的宾语）
[高分句型2]. Luckily, I stopped about ten meters away from the spot where the ice was very thin.（由关系副词where引导定语从句）
[高分句型3]. He promised to take us there the next winter holiday as long as we could ensure our safety. （由as long as引导的条件状语从句）
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