最新成人学位英语阅读理解训练题及答案 (15)

学位英语阅读理解专项提升练习合集

一、阅读理解 Passage one

Some futurists have gone so far as to say that, intelligent machines will replace teachers within 10 years. Not surprisingly, this causes concern among educators. As artificial

intelligence (AI) develops, it is playing an increasingly important role in education. But should teachers really be worried?

I have been involved in AI in education throughout my career, developed award-winning AI-based products. While I am more excited than ever about the potential of AI to improve the quality and economics of learning, I don't think educators should worry about being replaced by machines. Instead, AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding.

Studies show that teachers have more impact on students achievement than any other aspect of schooling, and effective teachers have a lasting impact oil students' success. Yet many teachers report that their workload is unmanageable, and much of their time is devoted to activities other than teaching. This is an area where AI can help; For example, by automating the scoring of student work teachers spend less time on grading assignments and data input and management? and focus instead on responding to students' needs.

Teachers with large classes find it stressful to meet the needs of individual students. AI can give these the practice opportunities and individualize feedback that they otherwise might not receive. Teachers Have few opportunities to interact with students outside of the classroom. Al

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- based learning environments can be made available to students anywhere and anytime Learning can continue outside of the classroom. This helps every learner to make rapid progress toward mastery of their subjects.

Thus, the question should not be whether AI will replace teachers, but how it can support teachers and learners both inside and outside the classroom.

1 .According to What futurists say in the first paragraph, we can learn ______. A．intelligent machines are developing fast. B．teachers are irreplaceable in school. C．AI is playing an important role in education. D．AI might be a threat to educators. 答案：D

2 .What is the author's opinion about AI in education? A．Al has the potential to replace teachers. B．AI is less useful than educators. C．AI could make education very profitable. D．AI can work alongside teachers. 答案：D

3 .According to the author, AI can support teachers by ______. A．helping teachers organize class activities. B．interacting with students.

C．reducing the time teachers spend on activities other than teaching.

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D．helping teachers check how students are mastering what they have learnt. 答案：C

4 .What is the author mainly talking about? A．The development of AI in education. B．The impacts that AI has had on education. C．The importance of educators in education. D．The ways that AI can help educators. 答案：D 【答案解析】

这是一篇议论文。作者认为人工智能不但不会威胁到教师这份职业，它还可以帮助教师一起工作，并且具体讲述了人工智能帮助教育工作者的方式。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Some futurists have gone so far as to say that, intelligent machines will replace teachers within 10 years.（一些未来学家甚至说，智能机器将在10年内取代教师。）”可知，一些未来学家认为人工智能可能对教育工作者构成威胁。故选D项。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Instead, AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding.（相反，人工智能更有可能为教师的工作助力：减少过度工作，让他们的工作更有价值。）”可知，作者认为人工智能不但不会威胁到教师这份职业，它还可以帮助老师一起工作。故选D项。

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【详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet many teachers report that their workload is unmanageable, and much of their time is devoted to activities other than teaching. This is an area where AI can help;（然而，许多教师报告说，他们的工作量难以管理，他们的大部分时间都花在教学之外的活动上。这是人工智能可以帮助的领域）”可知，人工智能可以通过减少教师花在教学以外的活动上的时间来支持教师的工作。故选C项。 【详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Instead, AI is more likely to empower teachers: reduce overwork, and make their jobs more rewarding.（相反，人工智能更有可能为教师的工作助力：减少过度工作，让他们的工作更有价值。）”及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述人工智能对教育工作者的帮助。D选项“The ways that AI can help educators.（人工智能帮助教育工作者的方式。）”概括文章主旨。故选D项。 Passage two

My father Earl was to take two-lane highways all the way from Chicago to New York. \"This way,\" he explained, \"we’ll actually see where we’re going. I hate turnpikes (收费高速公路), Virgil.\" There were other reasons for taking highways: no fee to pay, cheaper gas stations, and a chance to shop for food.

He had me laughing from the moment we left town. I’d never seen him in better spirits. He did imitations, told stories and made remarks to the waitresses in the restaurants we’d stopped in every three hours, highly praising their cooking skills.

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Earl asked me to keep an eye out for hitchhikers (搭便车的人), so we might have someone to share the driving. My father had, however, tough standards of selecting hitchhikers. We passed teenagers, soldiers and old men, and each time Earl had a different excuse for not stopping. Finally, my heart was filled with uncontrollable anger. \"Why don’t you ever stop? It’s not fair to look at people and then not stop.\"

Earl looked at my face. \"I don’t know. Virgil,\" he said. \"I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.” Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.

We pulled in for the night some twelve hours after leaving Chicago and checked into a

nameless motel. It was in this motel that my father and I spent one of the best nights of our lives. He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs.

The sky was filled with stars. After turning off all the lights, we whispered to each other in bed, like boys who fear they might be overheard. I don’t remember what I said, but I was sure he was listening.

1 .Why did Earl refuse to take those hitchhikers? A．He was doubtful about them. B．He wanted to be with his son alone.

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C．They didn’t meet Earl’s tough standards. D．He had to reach New York as soon as possible. 答案：B

2 .Which of the following interested Earl and Virgil most at the motel? A．Playing cards. B．Watching TV. C．Telling stories. D．Enjoying snacks. 答案：A

3 .What was particularly unforgettable for Virgil during the trip? A．The clear sky that night. B．His father’s affection for him. C．The thrill of visiting new places. D．The card tricks Earl did that night. 答案：B

4 .What is the purpose of this passage? A．To describe a beautiful night. B．To reflect on a difficult decision. C．To acknowledge a lifelong regret. D．To share a memorable experience.

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答案：D 【答案解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”可知，Earl拒绝拉那些搭便车的人是因为他想单独和他的儿子在一起。故选B。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He watched TV with me for a while and he begged a pack of cards from the motel manager and did card tricks for me — a skill I had no idea he possessed. Then my father and I played a card game and we were so comforted by the game that we took the pack with us when we drove out for a late night snack of ham and eggs. (他和我一起看了一会儿电视，然后向汽车旅馆经理要了一副纸牌，还为我变纸牌戏法——我不知道他竟然有这种本领。然后，我和父亲打了一场纸牌游戏，我们感到很欣慰以致于当我们开车出去吃火腿和鸡蛋的夜宵时，我们都带着那副纸牌)”可知，在汽车旅馆令我和父亲最感兴趣的是玩纸牌。故选A。 【详解】

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推理判断题。根据第五段“Earl looked at my face. ‘I don’t know. Virgil,’ he said. ‘I think the reason is that I don’t want anyone in the car. We never have any time alone and I like it with just the two of us.’ ”(Earl看着我的脸。“我不知道。维吉尔，”他说。“我想原因是我不想让任何人在车里。我们从来没有独处的时间，我喜欢我们两个人在一起。”)”和第六段“Hearing what he said, I felt tears welling up in my eyes. How wonderful, yet disturbing and unprepared I was to hear it.(听到他说的话，我感到眼泪在我的眼睛里涌出。听到这番话，我感到多么美妙，又多么不安，多么措手不及)”可推断，在这段旅程中，最让作者难忘得应该是作者父亲对作者的情感表达。故选B。 【详解】

推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要讲述作者和父亲的一次旅行经历，父亲十分珍惜和儿子的独处时间，让作者十分感动。由此推断，这篇文章的目的就是分享一段难忘的经历，表达父子之间的情感。故选D。 Passage three

Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts.

Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young people to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people with long hair.

We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar experiences and

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we are more likely to be accepted by people like ourselves, or even, we think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stay with the same people, the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone is that we just recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to learn something new, find out interesting things, hear funny stories and discover differences. When we always stay with the same people, how can we break down the barriers which prevent us from getting to know people with different ideas? And how can we avoid the ignorance? If you want to live in a society that opens to changes, new things and different opinions, be the cat among the pigeons.

Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don‘t just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life.

1 .From the passage, we know that people prefer sitting by someone who________ A．is like themselves C．is open-minded 答案：A

2 .People like staying in their comfort zone because they may________ A．Remain comfortable and special B．find out more interesting things C．be accepted easily and feel safe D．discover differences among themselves 答案：C

3 .The sentence “Unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves” should be put

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B．has a sense of humor D．lives an exciting life

at the beginning of ________.

A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4 答案：C

4 .What does the underlined word “barriers” mean in Paragraph 4? A．联系 答案：B

5 .What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell us not to talk with strangers. B．To introduce ways to learn about the world. C．To explain how people communicate with foreigners. D．To encourage us to get along with different people. 答案：D 【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现人们喜欢坐在和自己相似的人旁边，这是因为人们喜欢待在舒适区，但总是待在自己的舒适区里的危险在于，我们只是在重复相同的观点、相同的品味和相同的想法。因此作者鼓励人们走出舒适区，和不同的人交往。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us.(但它还不止于此。我们甚至会选择坐在长得像我们的人旁边)”可知，人们喜欢坐在和自己相似的人旁边。故选A。

B．隔阂

C．纽带

D．熟悉

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【详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar experiences and we are more likely to be accepted by people like ourselves, or even, we think we may be safer with people who look like us.(我们似乎相信有相似习惯或爱好的人会分享相似的经历，我们更容易被像我们一样的人所接受，甚至，我们认为和像我们一样的人在一起可能会更安全)”可知，人们喜欢待在他们的舒适区，因为他们可能很容易被接受和感到安全。故选C。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young people to sit near. But it goes further than this. We even choose to sit near someone who looks like us. People with glasses are more likely to sit near other people with glasses. People with long hair sit closer to other people with long hair.(女孩坐在女孩旁边，男孩坐在男孩旁边。成年人坐在一起，年轻人选择另一个年轻人坐在旁边。但它还不止于此。 我们甚至会选择坐在长得像我们的人旁边。戴眼镜的人更有可能坐在其他戴眼镜的人旁边。长发的人坐得离长发的人更近)”以及第三段内容“We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar experiences and we are more likely to be accepted by people like ourselves, or even, we think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stay with the same people, the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone is that we

just recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to learn something new, find out interesting things, hear funny stories and discover differences.(我们似

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乎相信有相似习惯或爱好的人会分享相似的经历，我们更容易被像我们一样的人所接受，甚至，我们认为和像我们一样的人在一起可能会更安全。有时候这是真的，但如果我们总是和同样的人，同样的群体在一起，那就很遗憾了。总是待在自己的舒适区里的危险在于，我们只是在重复相同的观点、相同的品味和相同的想法。我们失去了学习新东西、发现有趣事物、听有趣故事和发现差异的机会)”可推知，第二段说明了人们喜欢和自己相似的人待在一起，第三段则对此现象背后的原因进行了总结，故“不出所料，我们更喜欢和自己一样的人坐得更近”这句话应该放在第三段的开头。故选C。 【详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When we always stay with the same people, how can we break down the”以及后文“which prevent us from getting to know people with different ideas”可知，当我们总是和相同的人在一起时，我们无法打破阻碍我们了解与我们有不同想法的人的隔阂，故划线词意思是“隔阂”。故选B。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don‘t just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life. (走出你的舒适区。 去坐别的人旁边。不要只是坐在那里沉默。说“你好”。问个问题。开始一个对话。这就是我们交朋友的方式。这就是我们了解他人的方式。这就是我们接受新思想的方式。 这就是我们如何过着激动人心的生活)”结合文章说明了研究人员发现人们喜欢坐在和自己相似的人旁边，这是因

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为人们喜欢待在舒适区，但总是待在自己的舒适区里的危险在于，我们只是在重复相同的观点、相同的品味和相同的想法。因此作者鼓励人们走出舒适区，和不同的人交往。可推知，这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们与不同的人相处。故选D。 Passage four

About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard (蜥蜴)was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.

I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.

The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special. “Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.

My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!

Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.

Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan

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documentary (纪录片)series The Last Dance.

The poignancy (酸楚)of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.

Humans do not shed skin (蜕皮)as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.

Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.

1 .What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1 ? A．Its tank grew dirty. B．Its old skin came off. C．It got a skin disease. D．It went missing. 答案：B

2 .Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage? A．To prove a theory. B．To define a concept.

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C．To develop the theme. D．To provide the background. 答案：C

3 .The underlined part \"leaving behind the layer\" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as A．letting go of the past B．looking for a new job C．getting rid of a bad habit D．giving up an opportunity 答案：A

4 .What does the author most likely want to tell us? A．Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B．It's not the end of the world if we break things. C．We should move on no matter what happens. D．Past experiences should be treasured. 答案：C 【答案解析】

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者的丈夫刚刚丢了工作，这种不确定性开始影响到家人，直到作者看到家里的宠物蜥蜴换皮和观看了Michael Jordan的纪录片《最后的舞蹈》后，领悟到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤作为人生的起点。

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【详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.(第二天早上，我向丈夫和孩子们报告了蜥蜴皮肤上奇怪的表面。几秒钟后，我们的蜥蜴从水箱里出来，旧皮肤蜕了下来)”可知，宠物蜥蜴旧的皮肤脱落了。故选B。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.( Jordan从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起，因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到The Last Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选

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C。 【详解】

词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.(他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起，因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”可知，作者看着乔丹脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，意识到看到他放下了过去，把过去抛在脑后了。即画线词意思是“放下过去”，与A项letting go of the past同义。故选A。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.(人类不像其他动物那样容易蜕皮。改变的开始令人不安。这个过程很累人。伤害在我们准备好之前就改变了我们。我看到了我们生嫩的、几乎是全新的蜥蜴)”以及最后一段“Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we begin.( Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者最有可能想告诉我们无论发生什么，我们都应该继续前进。故选C。 Passage five

When Thomas Panek lost his eyesight more than 25 years ago, the avid runner doubted he would ever pursue his lifelong passion again.

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Indeed, although Panek had been crazy about running since high school, the idea of running blind seemed altogether too challenging. But he did manage to keep his dream alive—with help from human guides who assisted him on each run.

Even so, the real joy of the run—the thrill of independence that comes from conquering a course on your own terms—eluded(躲避) him. “When you’re tied to another person, it’s no longer your own race,” the 48-year-old said. “The independence isn’t quite there.”

Then Panek found a friend—indeed, man’s best friend—who would help him achieve that sense of purpose. He started running with a guide dog named Gus. Not only did Panek rediscover his love for running, but, along the way, he founded Guiding Eyes for the Blind, an organization dedicated to providing service dogs for the visually disabled.

On March 16, Gus glided across the finish line with his human at the New York City Half Marathon. At that moment, they both breezed into the history books. Panek, who finished the course in a little more than two hours and 20 minutes, became the first blind runner to complete the race led by dogs.

Brandishing their respective medals, Panek and Gus—who would retire after the race—shared a breathless embrace. “It’s a little emotional for me because he’s been there with me the whole time,” Panek said.

But Panek was quick to point out that it wasn’t just Gus who provided the wind beneath his running shoes. In all, three guide dogs helped him see his way to the finish line. Siblings Westley and Waffle picked up the early legs of the course, each running between five and eight kilometers of the 21-kilometer race.

With retirement looming, it would be the faithful yellow lab’s last race. But for Panek, the road

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ahead remains long and bright—not only for him, but for anyone with a disability who still hopes to run down a dream. 1 .When did Thomas become blind? A．When he was about 23. C．When he was in high school. 答案：A

2 .Why did Panek get himself the guide dog Gus?

A．Because he didn’t want to have another person with him. B．Because he wanted to found Guiding Eyes for the Blind. C．Because he wanted to help those with visual disability.

D．Because he wanted to enjoy the delight of running independently. 答案：D

3 .What do we learn about the dog Gus from the passage? A．It was the first dog to lead a blind runner at the Half Marathon. B．It ran the whole course of the New York City Half Marathon. C．It ran about eight kilometers with Thomas Panek at the race. D．It wouldn’t be working as a guide dog to Thomas Panek any more. 答案：D

4 .Which of the following best shows Thomas’s qualities as a runner? A．Independent and caring. C．Crazy and emotional.

B．When he was 25 years old. D．When he was 48 years old.

B．Passionate and persistent. D．Kind and helpful.

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答案：B 【答案解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱跑步，25年前失明成为盲人的潘尼克，在导盲犬的帮助下依然坚持跑步，并且在纽约半程马拉松比赛中，用2小时20多分钟完成了赛程，成为第一位由导盲犬带领的赛跑者。他的故事给那些仍希望追逐梦想的残疾人带来了希望。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“ ‘When you’re tied to another person, it’s no longer your own race,’ the 48-year-old said.(“当你和另一个人拴在一起时，就不再是你自己的比赛了，”48岁的他说。)”可知，托马斯·潘尼克现在48岁，而文章第一段内容“When Thomas Panek lost his eyesight more than 25 years ago…(当托马斯·潘尼克25年前失去视力时……)”提及失明是大约25年前发生的，由此可推知，“48–25=23”，应是大约23岁时失明的。故选A项。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Then Panek found a friend—indeed, man’s best friend—who would help him achieve that sense of purpose. He started running with a guide dog named Gus.(后来，潘尼克找到了一个朋友——事实上，人类最好的朋友——可以帮助他实现目标感。他开始和一只叫格斯的导盲犬一起跑步。)”可知，他寻找导盲犬格斯是为了实现自己的目标感，而目标感应是文章第三段内容“Even so, the real joy of the run—the thrill of independence that comes from conquering a course on your own terms—eluded him.(即便如

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此，跑步的真正乐趣——以自己的方式征服一项比赛所带来的的兴奋感——是他无法体会的。)”提及的“以自己的方式征服一项比赛所带来的的兴奋感”。故选D项。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第六段内容“Brandishing their respective medals, Panek and Gus—who would retire after the race—shared a breathless embrace.(帕内克和格斯挥舞着各自的奖牌，他将在比赛结束后退役，两个屏住呼吸拥抱在一起。)”可知，这次半程马拉松比赛结束后，格斯就要退役了，且文章最后一段内容提及“With retirement looming, it would be the faithful yellow lab’s last race.(随着退休的临近，这将是忠实的黄色拉布拉多的最后一场比赛。)”，该句中的“黄色拉布拉多”应是指格斯，由此可推知，它再也不能作为托马斯·潘尼克的导盲犬了。故选D项。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Indeed, although Panek had been crazy about running since high school, the idea of running blind seemed altogether too challenging. But he did manage to keep his dream alive—with help from human guides who assisted him on each run.(事实上，尽管潘尼克从高中开始就疯狂地跑步，但盲人跑步的想法似乎太有挑战性了。但在人类向导的帮助下，他的梦想得以实现。)”可知，潘尼克对跑步充满热情，即使失明了，也没有放弃，而是在人类向导和导盲犬的帮助下去完成自己的追求，由此可推知，他是一个有热情而又坚持不懈的人。故选B项。 Passage six

In the future, chances are we don’t need to depend on human donations for life-saving skin grafts (移植).

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That’s the goal of Xeno Therapeutics, a biotech non-profit organization. The US Food and Drug Administration approved the group’s initial application for temporary skin grafts removed from genetically modified (基因改良) pigs. This means that they can start testing pig skin grafts on people who have experienced severe burns.

Skin, the body’s largest organ, plays an important role in blocking pathogens (病原体) from reaching our organs inside. It also helps the body keep a constant temperature. People with severe skin damage are at a high risk of developing deadly infections as a result of changes in temperature.

At the moment, the only skin grafts available in the US come from the dead people who have agreed to be organ donors, or patients who have gone through surgery to remove skin after large weight loss. These human skins used for grafts are not easy to find.

Xeno Therapeutics, which gets its name from animal-to-human transplants, has raised pigs that have skin remarkably similar to our own. Grafts from these pigs are therefore more likely to hide without being detected by the host's immune system — at least temporarily. The idea is that they could be used for immediate burn treatment, followed human skin graft treatment later. “I’d say that just like comparing a Coke with Pepsi, it would be hard to tell which was the human skin and which was the pig graft,” said Xeno Therapeutics CEO Paul Holzer. The non-profit organization has been working to conduct the clinical trials, which will only be testing the grafts’ safety and tolerability in six patients with severe burns. Assuming the results are positive after a month, the grafts will need to pass through two more stages of testing before they can be approved for widespread clinical use.

Several other groups around the world are working to make animal organs suitable for clinical

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medicine. In Brazil, researchers are exploring using tilapia skin as temporary bandages for burn victims whose skin is regrowing. 1 .What’s the aim of Xeno Therapeutics?

A．To make profit from the grafts. B．To modify pigs genetically. C．To apply pig skin on human patients. 答案：C

2 .Why is skin important to human beings? A．It keeps one’s temperature changing.

B．It helps us recover from deadly diseases. D．To test people with severe burns.

C．It prevents itself from being damaged. D．It acts as a protective layer for our body. 答案：D

3 .What is Paul Holzer’s attitude towards the pig skin grafts? A．Doubtful. 答案：C

4 .What can we know about the grafts?

A．They won’t be put to use until they pass tests. B．Brazilian doctors have also applied pig skin for grafts. C．Animal skin has been used on six patients safely. D．Only skin removed from pigs can be used for grafts. 答案：A 【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。在未来，我们很有可能不需要依靠人类捐献来进行拯救生命的皮肤移

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B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Ambiguous.

植。美国食品和药物管理局批准了Xeno Therapeutics最初的转基因猪皮肤临时移植申请。文章对此进行了介绍。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“The US Food and Drug Administration approved the group’s initial application for temporary skin grafts removed from genetically modified (基因改良) pigs. This means that they can start testing pig skin grafts on people who have experienced severe burns.”(美国食品和药物管理局批准了该组织最初的转基因猪皮肤临时移植申请。这意味着他们可以开始在严重烧伤的患者身上测试猪皮移植。)可知，Xeno Therapeutics的目的是把猪皮用在病人身上。故选C。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Skin, the body’s largest organ, plays an important role in blocking pathogens (病原体) from reaching our organs inside.”(皮肤是人体最大的器官，在阻止病原体进入人体内部器官方面起着重要作用。)可知，作为我们身体的保护层，皮肤对人类很重要。故选D。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据倒第三段第一句“I’d say that just like comparing a Coke with Pepsi, it would be hard to tell which was the human skin and which was the pig graft”(我想说，就像比较可口可乐和百事可乐一样，很难区分哪个是人皮，哪个是猪皮)可知，Paul Holzer认为这种猪皮和人皮的相似性很高，所以对猪皮移植很有信心。故选C。 【详解】

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细节理解题。根据倒第二段最后一句“Assuming the results are positive after a month, the grafts will need to pass through two more stages of testing before they can be approved for widespread clinical use.”(假设一个月后的结果是积极的，移植还需要通过另外两个阶段的测试，然后才能被批准广泛应用于临床。)可知，这种移植在通过测试之前不会投入使用。故选A。 Passage seven

Child Disability Benefit

Overview

The child disability benefit is a tax-free monthly payment made to families who care for a child under age 18 with a severe damage in physical or mental functions. Eligibility (资格)

To get the child disability benefit:

•You must be eligible for the Canada child benefit. Your child must be eligible for the disability tax credit

•If you are already getting the Canada child benefit for your child who is eligible for the disability tax credit, you do not need to apply for the child disability benefit. You will get it automatically.

How much you can expect receive

Your child disability benefit payments are calculated from July of one year to June of the next year using the following information: •number of eligible children •adjusted family net income

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•marital (婚姻的) status

For the period of July 2018 to June 2019, you could get up to $2,771 ($230.91 per month) for each child who is eligible for the disability tax credit.

The benefits starts being reduced when the adjusted family net income is more than $65,000.The reduction is calculated as follows:

•For families with one child eligible for the benefit, the reduction is 3% of the amount of adjusted family net income over $65,000.

•For families with two or more children eligible for the benefit, the reduction is 5.7% of the amount of adjusted family net income.

You can use the child and family benefits calculator to estimate how much you will get. To continue getting benefits

You must remain eligible for the Canada child benefit and your child must also remain eligible for the disability tax credit.

To avoid delays or interruption in your benefit payments, you need to do your taxes every year, even if you had no income at all or your income is tax exempt (免除). If you have a spouse or common-law partner, they also need to do their taxes every year.

To make sure you are getting the right amount of benefits and credits, you must also keep your personal information updated with the CRA．

1 .In order to obtain the child disability benefit, one must__________. A．be physically damaged

B．be eligible for the disability tax credit C．apply for the Canada disability benefit

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D．be qualified for the country's child benefit 答案：D

2 .How much can a family receive if their net income is $75,000 a year, and has one child who is eligible for the benefits? A．$2,771. 答案：D

3 .If you want to continue to get benefits, which of the following should you do? A．You should exempt yourself from tax. B．You should have a common-law partner. C．You should apply for the benefit every year.

D．You should update your personal information with the CRA． 答案：D 【答案解析】

这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述如何获得儿童伤残津贴及津贴的数额规定。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据Eligibility 部分“You must be eligible for the Canada child benefit.(你必须有加拿大儿童津贴资格)”可知，想要获取儿童伤残津贴必须有国家儿童津贴的资格，故选D项。 【详解】

数字计算题。根据How much you can expect receive 部分“For the period of July 2018 to

B．$2,471.

C．$2,250.

D．$521.

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June 2019, you could get up to $2,771($230.91 per month) for each child who is eligible for the disability tax credit.(对于2018年7月到2019年6月这一时期，一个有伤残税资格的孩子可以得到2771美元（每月230.91美元）)”及“For families with one child eligible for the benefit, the reduction is 3% of the amount of adjusted family net income over $65,000.(对于有一个津贴资格孩子的家庭，家庭净收入超过65000美元，津贴将减少净收入的百分之三)”可知，一个净收入为75000美元的家庭，有一个津贴资格的孩子，能收到（$2771-$75000×3%=$521），故选D项。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“To make sure you are getting the right amount of benefits and credits, you must also keep your personal information updated with the CRA.(为了确保你将得到正确的津贴数额和贷款，你也必须用CRA持续更新你的个人信息)”可知，如果想继续得到津贴，应该用CRA持续更新个人信息，故选D项。 Passage eight

A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.

Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions, Asada reported February 15 at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain nervous system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a machine that could ultimately experience pain.

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Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot system named Affetto, a realistic-looking child’s head, these touch and pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions. A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface, allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California. Artificial skin “allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent ways”.

Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help care for people in need, the elderly, for instance. But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that’s able to compute an internal feeling accurately, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the University of Southern California. A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “like having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. “It’s a device for communication of the machine to a human.” While that’s an interesting development, “it’s not the same thing as a robot designed to compute some sort of internal experience,” he says.

1 .What do we know about the “pain nervous system”? A．It is named Affetto by scientists. B．It is a set of complicated sensors. C．It combines sensors and artificial skin. D．It is able to signal different emotions. 答案：C

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2 .What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Delivered. C．Attached. 答案：B

3 .What does Damasio consider as an interesting development? A．Robots can put up with pain. B．Robots can talk to human beings. C．Robots can compute internal feelings

D．Robots can detect pains and respond accordingly. 答案：D

4 .What can be the best title of the text? A．Robots Inch to Feeling Pain B．Machines Become Emotional C．Human Feelings Can Be Copied D．Artificial Skins Gain Intelligence 答案：A 【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。有触觉的机器人有一天可能会感受到“疼痛”，即它自身的疼痛和对人类同伴的疼痛的同情。这种人际互动机器人还很遥远，但机器人触觉感应的进步正在使这种可能性更接近现实。文章对此进行了说明。

B．Translated. D．Adapted.

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【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then signal

emotions”(安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到轻柔的触摸和痛苦的打击，这些传感器已经被连接到一个可以发出情感信号的机器人上)可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选C。 【详解】

词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“these touch and pain signals”(这些触觉和疼痛的信号)和“emotional facial expressions”(情绪的面部表情)可知，此处是指这些触觉和疼痛的信号可以转化成情绪的面部表情。所以converted意为“被转化”,与translate最为接近。故选B。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“A robot with sensors that can detect touch and pain is “like having a robot, for example, that smiles when you talk to it,””(一个带有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“就像一个机器人在你和它说话时微笑一样。”)和第四句中的“While that’s an interesting development”(尽管这是一个有趣的发展)可知，Damasio认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选D。 【详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“A robot with a sense of touch may one day feel “pain”, both its own physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions.”(有触觉的机器人

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有一天可能会感受到“疼痛”，即它自身的疼痛和对人类同伴的疼痛的同情。)和第二句“Such touchy-feely robots are still far off, but advances in robotic touch-sensing are bringing that possibility closer to reality.”(这种人际互动机器人还很遥远，但机器人触觉感应的进步正在使这种可能性更接近现实。)可知，文章主要是讲可以感知疼痛的机器人会慢慢被发明出来，所以选项A“机器人开始感到疼痛”是最好的标题。故选A。 Passage nine

STEM is short for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math education. These camps provide the skills needed to succeed in our technological society. Steve & Kate’s Camp

Steve & Kate’s Camp was founded on the belief that when you trust kids, they learn to trust themselves, and develop a creative confidence that will help them unleash their true potential. It offers a safe, judgment-free environment where kids can be themselves, explore their passions, and make a few mistakes along the way. Phone: 415-3-37 Asheville School

Asheville School is offering a unique app camp experience for teenagers across the U.S. and abroad who are interested in learning how to make exciting new apps for the iPhone and iPad. Students will learn about Apple’s Swift programming language and learn about Apple’s new AR technology. Phone: 828-2-6345 Game Camp Nation

Harness your child’s energy for video games to fuel their future, strengthen self-confidence and make new friends. Creativity, critical thinking & communication: we emphasize the 3Cs needed for success in today’s media-driven world. Hands-on projects spark curiosity. Our groups are

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intentionally kept small, and our staff encourage the kinds of peer interaction that easily make friends. Phone: 619-446-95 Camp Motorsport

For the camper who loves to hear those famous words “Start your engines!”, Camp Motorsport offers exciting motorsport focused summer camp programs for girls and boys ages 9 to 17. In addition to gaining valuable seat time, campers get hands-on experience with the STEM aspects of automotive design. When not driving, Camp Motorsport still has all the fun summer camp activities campers expect including a private lake with swimming, boats, and gala ball just to name a few. Phone: 888-836-1212

1 .Which camp will you choose if you want to take programming courses? A．Steve & Kate’s Camp. C．Game Camp Nation. 答案：B

2 .Which number will you call if you want to experience all the expected fun in the camp? A．415-3-37. 答案：D

3 .What do Steve & Kate’s Camp and Game Camp Nation have in common? A．They both make learners become confident. B．They both appeal to learners full of curiosity. C．They both allow students to do whatever they want. D．They both provide programming language course.

B．828-2-6345. C．619-446-95. D．888-836-1212 B．Asheville School. D．Camp Motorsport.

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答案：A 【答案解析】

这是一篇应用文。STEM是科学、技术、工程和数学教育的缩写，文章主要介绍了四个可以提供这些在科技社会中取得成功所需的技能的夏令营的情况。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Asheville School is offering a unique app camp experience for teenagers across the U.S. and abroad who are interested in learning how to make exciting new apps for the iPhone and iPad. Students will learn about Apple’s Swift programming language and learn about Apple’s new AR technology.( Asheville学校为想要学习如何为iPhone和iPad制作令人兴奋的新应用程序的美国和海外青少年提供了一个独特的应用程序营体验。学生们将学习苹果的Swift编程语言，并了解苹果的新AR技术)”可知，如果你想学习编程课程，你应该选择Asheville School。故选B。 【详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When not driving, Camp Motorsport still has all the fun summer camp activities campers expect including a private lake with swimming, boats, and gala ball just to name a few. Phone: 888-836-1212(当不开车的时候，Camp Motorsport仍然有所有露营者期待的有趣的夏令营活动，包括一个有游泳的私人湖，船，和舞会等等。电话：888-836-1212 .”可知，如果你想在夏令营中体验所有预期的乐趣，你应该拨打888-836-1212。故选D。 【详解】

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细节理解题。根据第二段中“Steve & Kate’s Camp was founded on the belief that when you trust kids, they learn to trust themselves, and develop a creative confidence that will help them unleash their true potential. (Steve & Kate夏令营建立在这样的信念之上：当你信任孩子时，他们学会信任自己，并发展一种创造性的自信，这将帮助他们释放他们真正的潜能)”以及第四段中“Harness your child’s energy for video games to fuel their future, strengthen self-confidence and make new friends. (利用你的孩子在电子游戏上的能量来为他们的未来加油，增强自信和结交新朋友)”可知，Steve & Kate’s Camp和Game Camp Nation共同之处是它们都能让学习者变得自信。故选A。 Passage ten

Our senses by themselves are stupid. They take in experience, but they need the richness of sifting (筛查) for a while through our thought and through our whole bodies. I call this \"composting (堆肥).\" Our bodies are garbage piles: we collect experience, and from the breakdown of the thrown-out eggshells, vegetable leaves and old steak bones of our minds come nitrogen, heat, and very fertile (肥沃的) soil. Out of this fertile soil come our poems and stories. But this does not come all at once. It takes time.

Often I will think about what I want to write many times in my mind. For instance, you can look in my notebooks from August through December 1983 and see that I attempted several times a month to write about my father dying. I was exploring and composting various materials. Then suddenly, and I can't say how, in December I sat motionless at a restaurant in Minneapolis and a long poem about that subject poured out of me. All the disparate things I had to say became combined with energy and unity—a bright red flower shot out of the compost.

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Ultimately, after much composting, you are in line with the stars or the moment or the dining-room chandelier above your head, and your body opens and speaks.

Understanding this process develops patience and produces less anxiety. We aren't running everything, not even the writing we do. At the same time, we must keep practicing. It is not an excuse to not write and sit on the sofa eating candies. We must continue to work the compost pile, enriching it and making it fertile so that something beautiful may emerge and so that our writing muscles are in good shape to ride the universe when it moves through us. 1 .What do we know about the \"composting\" from the first paragraph? A．It looks like garbage piles.

B．It takes time to gain experience.

C．It conflicts with our stupid senses. D．It provides rich materials for writing. 答案：D

2 .What does the author want to illustrate by giving an example? A．Children should love their fathers. B．Good writing results from good thinking. C．A restaurant is a good place for thinking. D．The compost is highly beneficial to flowers. 答案：B

3 .What does the underlined word \"disparate\" in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Different. 答案：A

4 .What does the last paragraph suggest?

B．Pleasant.

C．Strange.

D．Identical.

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A．Writing is just like doing business. C．Practice strengthens writing muscles. 答案：C 【答案解析】

B．Writing can relieve anxiety and stress. D．Composting helps us know universe.

这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历介绍了“堆肥”这一概念，他把写作素材的积累、思考过程比作“堆肥”：我们吸收经验，加以消化，为写作提供丰富的营养。此外作者告诉我们“堆肥”的过程需要耐心，正所谓“厚积而薄发”，要不断地练习、实践才能达成。最终才能写出好的文章。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I call this \"composting (堆肥).\" Our bodies are garbage piles: we collect experience, and from the breakdown of the thrown-out eggshells, vegetable leaves and old steak bones of our minds come nitrogen, heat, and very fertile (肥沃的) soil. Out of this fertile soil come our poems and stories.（我称之为“堆肥”，我们的身体是垃圾堆：我们收集经验，从我们头脑中丢弃的蛋壳、蔬菜叶子和旧牛排骨头的分解中得到氮、热量和非常肥沃的土壤。我们的诗歌和故事出自这片沃土）”可推知，文章第一段把把写作素材的积累、思考过程比作“堆肥”：我们吸收经验，加以消化，为写作提供丰富的营养。故选D。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Often I will think about what I want to write many times in my mind.（我经常会在脑海里想很多遍我想写的东西）”可推知，列举这个例子是为了证

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明好的写作来自好的思考。故选B。 【详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“I was exploring and composting various materials.（我探索和堆肥各种材料）”和下文“became combined with energy and unity（变得精力充沛，团结一致）”可知，作者探索和堆肥各种材料，然后经过“堆肥”，使这些不同的（disparate）材料有了能量，形成了统一性。由此可知，disparate意为“不同的”，与different同义。故选A。 【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Understanding this process develops patience and produces less anxiety. （理解这个过程可以培养耐心，减少焦虑）”和“At the same time, we must keep practicing. （同时，我们必须坚持练习）”和“We must continue to work the compost pile, enriching it and making it fertile so that something beautiful may emerge and so that our writing muscles are in good shape to ride the universe when it moves through us.（我们必须继续工作，丰富它，使它肥沃，以便美丽的东西可能出现，以便我们的写作肌肉处于良好的状态，这样当它经过通过我们的时候，我们可以驾驭宇宙）”可知，最后一段说“堆肥”的过程需要耐心，正所谓“厚积而薄发”，要不断地练习、实践才能达成。由此可推知，练习可以锻炼写作的肌肉。故选C。

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