21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册-课后问题详解

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册课后答案

Unit 1 Text A

Exercise V

1. solutions. 2. ignore. 3. persuade. 4. assign. 5. deadline. 6. approach. 7. stuck.

8. essentials. 9. managed.

10. necessarily. 11. retained. 12. due, draft. VI

1. put in

2. make the most of 3. put down 4. lead to

5. get her hands on

6. put away our picnic things 7. to stick to 8. time after time

9. has cut down on smoking 10. counts for much more VIII

1. thus cutting down on our costs 2. while having his breakfast

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3. so that he can memorize a couple of new words everyday while cooking his meals

4. thus greatly increasing his reading speed

5. while studying Chinese modern history at Beijing University 6. thus being able to do very well in their work 7. while doing his homework

8. so that you can become one, too IX

1. used to go

2. got used to getting

3. used to study, has got used to working 4. used to say

5. used to write, got used to communicating XI

1. went unnoticed 2. go unpunished 3. go uncorrected

4. goes unnoticed, unmentioned 5. go unreported

XIII. Translation

1. Tom, a very curious boy, is interested not only in whats but also in whys and hows.

2. According to Professor Smith, happiness is the ability to make the most of what you have.

3. You’d better keep the book where your 15-year-old son can’t get his hands on it.

4. The story was so funny that Bill kept laughing all the time while reading it.

5. High-achieving students do not necessarily put in more time at their studies than their lower-scoring classmates.

6. How did you manage to persuade these students to take the speed-reading course?

7. Working hard is important, but knowing how to make the most of one’s abilities counts for much more.

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8. She asked her students to think for themselves rather than telling them what to think. Text B

Exercise I

1. opposite 2. preference 3. located 4. feasible 5. perspective 6. have shifted 7. concern 8. attractive 9. survive 10. transfer 11. prospect 12. particularly 13. treasure 14. Despite II

1. on the other hand 2. keep up 3. As for 4. for good 5. turned out 6. come of age 7. what if 8. welled up Unit 2

Text A

Exercise

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III

1. response 2. bounced

3. Conversation 4. previous

5. encouragement 6. parallel IV

1. entirely 2. objection 3. challenged 4. original 5. responsible 6. relative 7. halfway 8. startled 9. simply

10. back and forth 11. joined in 12. just as

13. knocked down 14. came to a halt 15. Even if 16. fell apart V

1. unconsciously 2. response 3. previous 4. suitable 5. even though 6. disagree 7. topic

8. calling on 9. switched 10. and so on

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11. in line 12. take turns VI

1. Excellence 2. independence 3. intelligence 4. significance 5. patience 6. silence 7. violence 8. differences 9. distance 10. confidence VII

1. disappeared 2. disorder 3. dishonest 4. disobey 5. disagree

6. disadvantages 7. discomfort 8. dislike 9. disbelief 10. dissatisfied VIII (A)

1. Whoever is most qualified 2. Whoever has money 3. Whoever holds it

4. whoever is not with him 5. whoever would take the job

6. Whoever fears to face his own past (B)

1. Whatever they have

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2. whatever decisions he makes 3. Whenever the weather is bad 4. wherever he goes

5. Whichever direction you turn to 6. however hard she tried IX

1. No wonder it’s freezing cold today

2. No wonder there is no picture on the screen 3. No wonder many career women are not married 4. No wonder they asked so many questions

5. No wonder it has become a best-seller of this spring 6. No wonder US students are anxious about math XII

1. Referring to the differences between American English and British English, he said, “The United States and Britain are two different countries after all.”

2. Professor Smith encourages his students to think for

themselves. He often says, “I am just as happy, even if you challenge me or completely disagree with me.”

3. We called on him to take part in our conservation about pop music, but as soon as he joined in, he introduced a new topic and referred to the NBA finals of the previous week.

4. The driver is responsible for this accident. His car knocked down a tree and a man on his bike.

5. Since our production of radios came to a halt, we have switched to the production of mobile phones.

6. Our original plan was to see such famous sights as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace in Beijing. 7. It’s no simple matter to learn a foreign language well. Even though I have learned English for a few years, I still can’t express myself effectively in the language.

8. I don’t want you simply to agree or disagree with me – I need someone who can give me good advice, ideas, and so on. Text B

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Exercise I

1. academic 2. intelligence 3. reflects 4. Social 5. predicted 6. context 7. advantage 8. attitude 9. traits

10. communication 11. distinguish 12. represented 13. influences 14. mature II

1. getting…across 2. come out 3. Because of 4. in short 5. as a result 6. as well

7. in some cases 8. sent out Unit 3

Text A Exercise IV

1. draw 2. bear 3. worn out

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4. got tired of 5. racial

6. paid, attention to 7. mature 8. broke into 9. performed 10. conquer 11. aspects 12. As far as V

1. Brought up

2. broke into running 3. amazed

4. All his wife could do was 5. resemble 6. with ease 7. conquered

8. wear out / are worn out 9. turned out

10. has grown into 11. tragedy 12. promptly VI

1. personal 2. traditional 3. humorous 4. logical 5. courageous 6. poisonous 7. educational 8. victorious VII

1. darkness 2. carelessness 3. nervousness

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4. preparedness 5. illness

6. eagerness / nervousness VIII

1. go on playing 2. went on reading 3. went on to explain 4. went on to teach 5. went on playing 6. went on to tell X

1. work as fast as a skilled worker

2. couldn’t perform as well as his parents had expected 3. he promised that he would go and see his grandparents as often as possible

4. that after finishing his studies abroad he would come back as soon as possible XII

1. As far as I know, all they have to do is come and see the child they want to bring up and fill out a form.

2. As he learned more and more about the world, he finally got tired of going after fame and wealth.

3. The little girl’s songs brought sunshine to the old man and helped him bear the hardships of life.

4. People came one after another to congratulate them on the successful building of another big bridge over the Huangpu River.

5. All the people present were amazed that the 10-year-old boy was playing the violin so skillfully.

6. After the car accident, Stevie reevaluated his goals in life and decided to pay more attention to the world outside.

7. Mother could never have imagined that her son would become a world-famous pianist even in her wildest dreams.

8. The students broke into loud cheers when they heard that their teacher had fought back from the shadow of death.

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Text B

Exercise I

1. potential 2. suggestions 3. realistic 4. embarrassed 5. impression 6. negative 7. presently 8. reacted 9. improvement 10. target 11. inferior 12. concept II

1. built up 2. dwell on

3. do justice to myself 4. from the start 5. were based on 6. set aside 7. wiped out 8. improve on 9. do, harm

10. is working on Unit 4

Text A Exercise IV

1. endure

2. accumulated 3. somewhat

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4. property 5. informed 6. wrinkled 7. collapsing 8. mourning 9. contributed 10. possessed 11. recovered 12. trembled 13. fulfill 14. drove 15. stagger 16. uttered V

1. because of

2. be blessed with 3. as well as 4. spoke of

5. a good deal of 6. at most

7. stand on its feet 8. be ashamed of 9. as soon as 10. leaning on VI

1. a bearded young man 2. three colored pictures 3. a flowered lawn

4. a gifted 〈talented〉pianist 5. an old lady with a wrinkled face 6. a home for the aged

7. a cultured college student 8. an experienced driver 9. a skilled engineer

10. a spirited discussion

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VII

1. shameless 2. cheerful 3. endless 4. windless 5. fearless 6. countless 7. meaningful 8. colorful 9. delightful 10. thoughtful IX

1. Nor did he give me any explanation. 2. Nor did he feel ashamed for that. 3. Nor do I think it necessary to do so.

4. Nor will he invite his relatives and friends. 5. Nor did we know his phone number.

6. Nor did she enter the home for the aged. XIII

1. Sick and weak as Grandma is, she has undertaken all the housework in the family.

2. The recording company had never been so pleased with any singer. For them, Stevie Wonder was a real find. 3. They had no running water where they lived. Nor did they have conveniences of life such as gas and electricity. 4. Six years passed, then seven and eight, and nothing was heard of that French artist. It seemed certain that he had left the country for only God knows where.

5. He was very ill that summer, but as soon as he felt better in the fall, he resumed his writing and finished his novel within two months.

6. Driven by a strong will, Alex finally fulfilled the task he had undertaken.

7. With the help of the doctor and the nurses, the patient recovered quickly and in a few weeks was able to stand on his feet once more.

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8. It was really sad to watch the old man’s wrinkled face, which spoke of all that he had endured in his life.

Text B

Exercise B 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A

Vocabulary Exercises I

1. responsibilities 2. purchase 3. portrays 4. vanished 5. immense 6. decent 7. eventually 8. motivation 9. reputation 10. restore

11. neighborhood 12. sustain 13. upholds 14. credit II

1. paved the way for 2. is attributed to 3. out of habit

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4. kept his word 5. open the door to 6. think twice 7. think of … as 8. care about

9. had been passed on 10. To this day Unit 5

Text A

Exercise V

1. compromise 2. content

3. Unfortunately 4. individual 5. gamble 6. spun

7. attractive 8. afterwards 9. tradition 10. unique 11. arose 12. energetic VI

1. a little 2. and so on 3. as well 4. give way to

5. in the same way as 6. had in mind

7. most of the time

8. have been on their feet 9. went off

10. are named after

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11. has no right to 12. sorted out VII

1. compromise with…over 2. lying…in 3. lie on

4. content with 5. call at 6. called on 7. named…after 8. active in

9. opinions about 10. opinion of VIII

1. uncertain 2. unknown 3. unable

4. unfortunate 5. incorrect 6. impatient 7. illegal 8. irregular 9. irrelevant 10. improper X

1. What a pity you won’t be back before I leave! 2. What a pity to waste the food! 3. What a pity she isn’t here!

4. What a pity that we can die only once for our country! 5. What a pity that some of the best acting on stage today can only be seen by so few people! 6. What a pity you can’t swim. XII

1. That’s where

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2. That’s why 3. that’s where 4. That’s what 5. That’s how 6. That’s how 7. that’s when 8. that’s when 9. that’s what 10. That’s where XIV 1. They are Mary’s sons Robert and Lawrence. One is named after her father; the other is named after her grandfather.

2. He is not content with what has already got. What a pity he never understands that happiness lies in contentment.

3. She is very active in classroom activities. I am sure she will make a good teacher. 4. You may have different opinions about it, but I hate the idea of urging people to drink, especially at a dinner party. 5. We are prepared to give way a little to them on minor problems, but we will never compromise with them on major questions of principle.

6. Robert did not usually get much exercise during the year, while his wife Mary was on her feet most of the time. That’s why it was impossible, or difficult at least, for them to choose a place they both liked for their holiday.

7. David is a young writer with a high opinion of himself. He thinks that his writing style is unique and refined. But unfortunately, that is not the case.

8. All I want to say is that as individuals we enjoy many different rights, but we have no right to do anything harmful to society. Text B Exercise I

1. effective

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2. argument 3. alert 4. typical 5. avoid 6. patience 7. hostile 8. mention 9. significant 10. complain 11. bothered 12. historical 13. tempted 14. selfish II

1. lose her temper

2. changed for the better 3. make matters worse 4. fell behind

5. will take offence 6. launched into 7. added to

8. saw eye to eye 9. hold their tongues 10. poke fun at Unit 6

Text A Exercise IV

1. shocked 2. admitted 3. pursue 4. prefer

5. intelligent 6. acquire

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7. average 8. cultivate 9. typical 10. pursuit 11. imported 12. bite 13. compete 14. constantly 15. prestigious 16. extent V

1. dedicated to 2. stood a chance 3. held up as 4. least of all 5. conform to 6. compares…to 7. done away with 8. deprived of

9. looked down upon 10. adapt to 11. instead of 12. keep up VIII

1. If we are to promote higher education, we must try to make university professorships the most prestigious positions in the country.

2. If we are to remain a world-class power, our universities must be able to train students to become first-class scholars and engineers.

3. If you are to make your child a person of knowledge, you must encourage him to spend more time studying.

4. If you are to apply for this scholarship, fill out the application form and return it now. 5. If we are to further develop the economy of Shanghai, we have to make full use of the Yangtze River.

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XII

1. The problem lies in how people look at those students dedicated to the pursuit of knowledge.

2. Our government has decided to put a lot more money into education than before.

3. We have to train more first-class engineers to compete in the technology race with Japan.

4. The intellectually curious and hard-working students should be praised and held up as examples to other students.

5. Not until we do away with our anti-intellectualism do we stand a chance to remain a world-class power. 6. We must adapt ourselves to the demand of our times, otherwise we’ll fall behind other industrialized nations of the world. 7. The parents are proud of their son who is studying English while other children are playing football. 8. Do you really expect to improve your English without spending more time studying it? Text B

Exercise I

1. escapes 2. specific 3. frequent 4. similar 5. profit 6. trends 7. creative

8. customer, customer 9. consumers 10. diet

11. manufacturer 12. advertisement II

1. pointed out

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2. goes out of fashion 3. According to 4. and the like 5. out of date 6. broke down 7. comes along 8. on top of Unit 7

Text A

Exercise IV

1. crept 2. presence 3. whereas 4. spoiled 5. previously 6. roaring 7. merely 8. ignorant 9. confident 10. venture 11. chased 12. liberal V

1. stared at 2. come of

3. establish itself as 4. threw…at 5. came up to 6. are for 7. move in 8. viewed as

9. among other things 10. by chance

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VI

1. momentary 2. lively 3. attractive 4. orderly 5. selective 6. deadly 7. legendary 8. protective 9. constructive 10. costly 11. brotherly 12. honorary 13. progressive 14. sickly 15. customary 16. earthly

17. revolutionary 18. reactionary X

1. Mr. Smith was viewed as a very liberal person who believed, among other things, that all men are equal under the law. 2. It is not by chance that he won the prize; his success comes from his hard training.

3. The teacher talked a lot with the white kids, trying to convince them that all men are created equal, but nothing much came of it in the beginning several weeks.

4. As I was a newcomer to that school, I felt lonely and friendless for a time.

5. Day after day Weiming kept talking with Mrs. Wilson, and his oral English became more and more fluent and natural.

6. Whereas some of the kids were quite nasty during those first few weeks, a little white girl was extremely friendly to me. 7. I later came to know that the man who looked old and wrinkled was only about 45.

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8. Soon after graduating from university, he established himself as a qualified and responsible teacher of English. Text B

Exercise B 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D I

1. personality 2. dominates 3. competent 4. substituting 5. respond 6. somehow 7. determined 8. communicate 9. current 10. brief 11. glance 12. polish 13. formal 14. sensitive II

1. on their own

2. for the most part 3. kept his distance 4. to no avail 5. on occasion 6. think…over

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7. lit up 8. at ease 9. all right

10. now and then Unit 8

Text A

Exercise IV 1. one 2. that 3. one 4. ones 5. that 6. those V

1. promises 2. reliable 3. project 4. barely

5. be abolished 6. simultaneous 7. endless 8. primarily 9. equivalents 10. application 11. incredible 12. purpose 13. acceptance 14. stimulating VI

1. ran into 2. serves as

3. well ahead of schedule

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4. arises…from 5. communicate with 6. brought about

7. take advantage of 8. is sure to VIII

1. unhappy 2. unnoticed 3. unprepared 4. unanswered

5. unforeseen / unexpected / unbelievable 6. unfair 7. unknown 8. unclear IX

1. unforgettable 2. enjoyable 3. questionable 4. unimaginable 5. unbearable 6. regrettable 7. changeable 8. foreseeable XIII

1. No scientist knows exactly where the information highway will lead us in the decade ahead.

2. It is crucial that developed countries and developing countries increase mutual understanding and mutual respect through more communication.

3. From the very beginning, the mass media paid particular attention to this treatise on the personal computer.

4. My nephew had thought that Japanese, which is similar to Chinese in many ways, was easy to learn, but it was not the case. 5. You should have known better. The way a college professor teaches is not confined only to telling his students the basic

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facts. He or she also stimulates discussions and debates. 6. It was originally estimated that the project would take five years. But thanks to the creativity of the workers as well as the engineers, it was finished well ahead of schedule.

7. The process of thinking about and writing his autobiography took the American writer more than three years, during which he ran into many unimaginable difficulties.

8. The doctors aren’t sure what illness he is suffering from. That’s why he had decided to retire ahead of schedule. Text B

Exercise C 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C I

1. occupation 2. artificial 3. summarize 4. solves 5. sample 6. identify

7. extraordinary 8. available 9. consult

10. environmental 11. capability 12. relationship II

1. has been turned … into 2. a variety of

3. was responsible for

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4. is capable of 5. in control of 6. in relation to 7. gave up

8. stopped dead .